Security Resilience

CVE-2023-1149

Btcpayserver Btcpay Server ≤ 1.8.0

Public PoC
Published
02 March 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0055 45th percentile
Risk Priority 42 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2023-1149 is a medium-severity Improper Neutralization of Equivalent Special Elements (CWE-76) vulnerability in Btcpayserver Btcpay Server. Its CVSS base score is 5.4 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Protocol or Service Impersonation (T1001.003); ranked at the 45th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Improper Neutralization of Equivalent Special Elements in GitHub repository btcpayserver/btcpayserver prior to 1.8.0.

CWE(s)
CWE-76

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1001.003 Protocol or Service Impersonation Command And Control
Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.002 Security Account Manager Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.004 LSA Secrets Credential Access
Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.005 Cached Domain Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1006 Direct Volume Access Stealth
Adversaries may directly access a volume to bypass file access controls and file system monitoring.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-0493Same product: Btcpayserver Btcpay Server
CVE-2023-0879Same product: Btcpayserver Btcpay Server
CVE-2024-1882Shared CWE-76
CVE-2024-21600Shared CWE-76
CVE-2026-66362Shared CWE-76
CVE-2026-77180Shared CWE-76
CVE-2026-54722Shared CWE-76
CVE-2026-55723Shared CWE-76
CVE-2024-1221Shared CWE-76
CVE-2023-0810Same vendor: Btcpayserver

Affected Assets

btcpayserver
btcpay server
≤ 1.8.0

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 partial match
blocks

Secure SDLC practices directly require consistent neutralization of all equivalent special elements during input validation and sanitization.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.19 Installation of software on operational systems partial match
removes
A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
blocks

A.8.25 mandates secure SDLC practices (secure coding guidelines, security requirements, checkpoints, testing, developer training) that reach improper neutralization of equivalent special elements, but only as one slice of a broad requirement whose implementation scope and rigour are left to the organisation.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
blocks

Application security requirements include rules for handling special characters and equivalent encodings.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
blocks

A.8.27 mandates security-by-design principles (defense-in-depth, least privilege, distrust external input, fail securely, hardening, design review against attack patterns) that reach some but not most cases of equivalent-special-element neutralization failures.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly address proper neutralization of all equivalent special elements.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance partial match
finds

Security testing can detect incomplete neutralization but does not prevent the weakness itself.

References