CWE · MITRE source
CWE-76Improper Neutralization of Equivalent Special Elements
The product correctly neutralizes certain special elements, but it improperly neutralizes equivalent special elements.
The product may have a fixed list of special characters it believes is complete. However, there may be alternate encodings, or representations that also have the same meaning. For example, the product may filter out a leading slash (/) to prevent absolute path names, but does not account for a tilde (~) followed by a user name, which on some *nix systems could be expanded to an absolute pathname. Alternately, the product might filter a dangerous "-e" command-line switch when calling an external program, but it might not account for "--exec" or other switches that have the same semantics.
Last updated: 04 July 2026 11:13 UTC
Cumulative inbound coverage
How completely the frameworks we cross-walk collectively cover this — the verdict is the strongest single mapping (overlapping partials are not summed); breadth shows the corroboration behind it.
Collective: full · 6 mapping(s) from 2 framework(s): ATT&CK 5 (partial) · OWASP-Web 1 (full)
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
This weakness contributes to A05:2025 Injection.
NIST 800-53 r5 controls that address this weakness (0)AI
| Control | Title | Family | Why it addresses this CWE |
|---|---|---|---|
| No NIST controls proposed yet. | |||
MITRE ATT&CK techniques this weakness enables
Our own two-way CWE↔ATT&CK cross-walk — a direct mapping with no public source (the CWE→CAPEC→ATT&CK chain leaves most top weaknesses, incl. XSS and SQLi, mapped to nothing). Drafted by Grok and spot-checked by Claude Opus 4.8.
Direction: ← other covers this;
→ this covers other (F/M/P = full / mostly /
partial).
Top CVEs of this weakness type, ranked by Risk Priority
| CVE | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-2024-1883 UPD | 8.0 | 6.3 | 0.6147 | 2024-03-14 |
CVE-2024-2952 | 7.0 | 9.8 | 0.0126 | 2024-04-10 |
CVE-2024-34359 | 7.0 | 9.6 | 0.2842 | 2024-05-14 |
CVE-2026-28292 UPD | 7.0 | 9.8 | 0.0130 | 2026-03-10 |
CVE-2024-1882 UPD | 5.5 | 7.2 | 0.0141 | 2024-03-14 |
CVE-2024-4897 | 5.5 | 8.4 | 0.0045 | 2024-07-02 |
CVE-2026-11311 UPD | 5.5 | 8.1 | 0.0057 | 2026-06-17 |
CVE-2023-0493 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 0.0790 | 2023-01-26 |
CVE-2023-1149 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 0.0055 | 2023-03-02 |
CVE-2024-21600 UPD | 3.5 | 6.5 | 0.0032 | 2024-01-12 |
CVE-2024-1221 UPD | 1.5 | 3.1 | 0.0055 | 2024-03-14 |