Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-25280

CriticalCISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCRCE

Published: 16 March 2023

Published
16 March 2023
Modified
03 November 2025
KEV Added
30 September 2024
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.9311 99.8th percentile
Risk Priority 95 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-25280 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Dlink Dir-820L Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 0.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2023-25280 is an OS command injection vulnerability, tracked under CWE-78, that affects the D-Link DIR-820L router running firmware version DIR820LA1_FW105B03. The flaw resides in the ping.ccp endpoint and is triggered by unsanitized input supplied to the ping_addr parameter, enabling an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary operating-system commands.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the issue over the network by sending a crafted HTTP request containing a malicious ping_addr value. Successful exploitation grants the attacker root-level privileges on the device, allowing full control over its configuration, traffic, and connected systems.

D-Link has published a security bulletin addressing the vulnerability, and the issue appears in CISA’s catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities. The associated EPSS score has remained at a peak of 0.9311 since disclosure, indicating sustained exploitation interest.

Public proof-of-concept code demonstrating command injection via the ping interface is available on GitHub, confirming that working exploits have been shared in the open.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

OS Command injection vulnerability in D-Link DIR820LA1_FW105B03 allows attackers to escalate privileges to root via a crafted payload with the ping_addr parameter to ping.ccp.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
30 September 2024

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

dlink
dir-820l firmware
1.05b03

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation and sanitization of the ping_addr parameter in ping.ccp to block OS command injection payloads.

prevent

Limits privileges of the web interface process so that successful injection cannot immediately yield root-level control of the router.

prevent

Mandates timely application of the vendor firmware patch that removes the unsanitized ping_addr code path.

References