Cyber Resilience

CVE-2018-6530

RCE in Dlink Dir-860L Firmware ≤ 1.10b04

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCRansomware-linkedRCECommand Injection
Published
06 March 2018
Modified
07 November 2025
KEV Added
08 September 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.97 99.9th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2018-6530 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Dlink Dir-860L Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 0.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2018-6530 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) residing in the soap.cgi component, specifically the soapcgi_main function, across multiple D-Link wireless router models. Affected devices include the DIR-880L (versions up to REVA_FIRMWARE_PATCH_1.08B04), DIR-868L (up to DIR868LA1_FW112b04), DIR-865L (up to REVA_FIRMWARE_PATCH_1.08.B01), and DIR-860L (up to DIR860LA1_FW110b04). The flaw permits arbitrary operating system command execution when an attacker supplies crafted input to the service parameter.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit the issue over the network by sending a malicious SOAP request to the affected CGI endpoint. Successful exploitation grants the ability to run arbitrary commands on the device with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to full device compromise including configuration changes, persistent access, or use as an attack pivot.

Vendor advisories published by D-Link provide firmware patch notes for each model that address the vulnerability through updated releases, such as version 1.11B01 for the DIR-860L, 1.20B01 for the DIR-868L, 1.10B01 for the DIR-865L, and 1.08B06 for the DIR-880L. A public proof-of-concept repository demonstrates exploitation of the SOAP protocol flaw across the listed devices.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

OS command injection vulnerability in soap.cgi (soapcgi_main in cgibin) in D-Link DIR-880L DIR-880L_REVA_FIRMWARE_PATCH_1.08B04 and previous versions, DIR-868L DIR868LA1_FW112b04 and previous versions, DIR-65L DIR-865L_REVA_FIRMWARE_PATCH_1.08.B01 and previous versions, and DIR-860L DIR860LA1_FW110b04 and previous versions allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands…

more

via the service parameter.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
08 September 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2019-17621Same product: Dlink Dir-865Lboth on KEV
CVE-2016-11021Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2019-20500Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2022-26258Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2019-16920Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2020-9377Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2019-16057Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2021-45382Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2023-25280Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV
CVE-2020-25506Same vendor: Dlinkboth on KEV

Affected Assets

dlink
dir-860l firmware
≤ 1.10b04
dlink
dir-865l firmware
≤ 1.08b01
dlink
dir-868l firmware
≤ 1.12b04
dlink
dir-880l firmware
≤ 1.08b04

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-78

Platform-independent apps typically execute inside a managed runtime or sandbox that restricts direct OS command execution, reducing the ability to exploit OS command injection.

addresses: CWE-78

Validates inputs to block special elements that would alter OS command execution.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References