CVE-2023-28219
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 r2
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2023-28219 is a high-severity Sensitive Data Storage in Improperly Locked Memory (CWE-591) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Steganography (T1001.002); ranked in the top 3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2023-28219 is a remote code execution vulnerability in the Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol, carrying a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.1 with network attack vector, high attack complexity, and no requirements for privileges or user interaction. The flaw affects the L2TP implementation and is tracked under CWE-591.
An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the issue over the network to achieve arbitrary code execution with full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, although successful exploitation requires conditions that elevate attack complexity.
Microsoft Security Response Center advisories at the referenced URLs describe available security updates that address the vulnerability and recommend applying the patches through standard Windows update channels.
EPSS for the CVE rose from a low baseline to a recorded peak of 0.0978 before settling at the current value of 0.0673, indicating emerging post-disclosure exploitation interest that warrants renewed attention.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-31927
Vulnerability Data
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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- 1 hardening rule · 1 OS baseline
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Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.DS-01 encryption of data-at-rest can protect swapped pages but does not stop improper memory locking, addressing only one exposure facet of the weakness.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Cryptographic controls can reduce exposure of sensitive data even if it is paged, but do not directly enforce memory locking.
Secure-coding standards can mandate use of locked-memory APIs, directly preventing the weakness.
Security testing can discover unlocked sensitive buffers, but does not itself implement the locking mechanism.
Hardening callouts derived
Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (higher-evidence rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).
Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
- V-248525 All OL 8 local disk partitions must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure or modification of all information that requires at-rest protection. blocks CWE-591