Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-42784

Fortinet Fortiweb 7.0.0 – 7.4.7

Published
11 March 2025
Modified
22 July 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.6
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0037 30th percentile
Risk Priority 44 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-42784 is a medium-severity Improper Handling of Syntactically Invalid Structure (CWE-228) vulnerability in Fortinet Fortiweb. Its CVSS base score is 5.6 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 30th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-42784 is an improper handling of syntactically invalid structures (CWE-228) vulnerability affecting Fortinet FortiWeb in versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.6, 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, and 7.0.0 through 7.0.10. The issue stems from inadequate validation of crafted HTTP/S requests, enabling attackers to execute unauthorized code or commands.

Remote attackers require no privileges or user interaction to exploit this over the network (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N), but it demands high attack complexity (AC:H) with unchanged scope (S:U). Successful exploitation yields low impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:L/I:L/A:L), for an overall CVSS v3.1 score of 5.6.

Mitigation details, including patches, are outlined in the Fortinet PSIRT advisory FG-IR-23-115 at https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-115.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

An improper handling of syntactically invalid structure in Fortinet FortiWeb at least verions 7.4.0 through 7.4.6 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.10 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via HTTP/S crafted requests.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-55594Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2026-39811Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2023-23783Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2025-25257Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2024-55597Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2024-55593Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2025-25254Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2025-32766Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2026-30897Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb
CVE-2024-21758Same product: Fortinet Fortiweb

Affected Assets

fortinet
fortiweb
7.0.0 — 7.4.7

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 requires validity checks on information inputs, directly stopping syntactically malformed data from being processed without proper handling.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require robust input validation and syntax handling to prevent malformed-structure flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect malformed-input issues but does not itself implement the handling logic.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and error handling that directly prevents improper handling of syntactically invalid structures.

prevents

Application security requirements include explicit rules for input validation and malformed-data handling.

prevents

Secure system architecture principles encourage robust input handling but do not prescribe the specific coding practice.

prevents

Secure coding explicitly requires validation of all input syntax and structure, directly eliminating CWE-228.

References