Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-4381

Instantcms ≤ 2.16.1

Published
16 August 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 4.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0036 29th percentile
Risk Priority 36 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-4381 is a medium-severity Unverified Password Change (CWE-620) vulnerability in Instantcms Instantcms. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Account Manipulation (T1098); ranked at the 29th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A07:2025 Authentication Failures

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Unverified Password Change in GitHub repository instantsoft/icms2 prior to 2.16.1-git.

CWE(s)
CWE-620NVD-CWE-Other

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1098 Account Manipulation Persistence
Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.
attack.mitre.org →
T1098.001 Additional Cloud Credentials Persistence
Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-28281Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4187Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4653Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4651Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4189Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2025-59055Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4650Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4704Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2024-31212Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4188Same product: Instantcms Instantcms

Affected Assets

instantcms
instantcms
≤ 2.16.1

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

Credential management practices directly enforce re-authentication for password changes.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Authentication requirements include verifying identity before allowing credential modifications.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
degrades

Requires secure management of authentication information, directly addressing the need to verify the original password before allowing a change.

A.8.5 Secure authentication partial match
prevents

Mandates secure authentication mechanisms, which include verifying existing credentials before permitting password changes.

A.5.16 Identity management none match
none

Identity management processes can incorporate verification steps, but the control itself does not explicitly require password-change verification.

A.8.3 Information access restriction none match
none

Information access restriction can be strengthened by password verification, yet the control focuses on access rights rather than change procedures.

References