Security Resilience

CVE-2023-4381

Instantcms ≤ 2.16.1

Published
16 August 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 4.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0043 36th percentile
Risk Priority 37 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2023-4381 is a medium-severity Unverified Password Change (CWE-620) vulnerability in Instantcms Instantcms. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Steganography (T1001.002); ranked at the 36th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A07:2025 Authentication Failures

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Unverified Password Change in GitHub repository instantsoft/icms2 prior to 2.16.1-git.

CWE(s)
CWE-620NVD-CWE-Other

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1001.002 Steganography Command And Control
Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.002 Security Account Manager Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.007 Proc Filesystem Credential Access
Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.008 /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
T1008 Fallback Channels Command And Control
Adversaries may use fallback or alternate communication channels if the primary channel is compromised or inaccessible in order to maintain reliable command and control and to avoid data transfer thresholds.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-4649Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2026-28281Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4654Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4655Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4652Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4653Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4879Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2024-50348Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4187Same product: Instantcms Instantcms
CVE-2023-4189Same product: Instantcms Instantcms

Affected Assets

instantcms
instantcms
≤ 2.16.1

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-01 partial match
blocks

Credential management practices directly enforce re-authentication for password changes.

PR.AA-03 partial match
blocks

Authentication requirements include verifying identity before allowing credential modifications.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
degrades

Requires secure management of authentication information, directly addressing the need to verify the original password before allowing a change.

A.6.5 Responsibilities after termination or change of employment partial match
removes
A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
removes
A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
removes
A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
removes
A.8.5 Secure authentication partial match
blocks

Mandates secure authentication mechanisms, which include verifying existing credentials before permitting password changes.

References