Security Resilience

CVE-2023-51443

Freeswitch ≤ 1.10.11

Public PoC
Published
27 December 2023
Modified
04 November 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.015 74th percentile
Risk Priority 60 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2023-51443 is a high-severity Improper Check or Handling of Exceptional Conditions (CWE-703) vulnerability in Freeswitch Freeswitch. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 26% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to version 1.10.11, when handling DTLS-SRTP for media setup, FreeSWITCH is susceptible to Denial…

more

of Service due to a race condition in the hello handshake phase of the DTLS protocol. This attack can be done continuously, thus denying new DTLS-SRTP encrypted calls during the attack. If an attacker manages to send a ClientHello DTLS message with an invalid CipherSuite (such as `TLS_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL`) to the port on the FreeSWITCH server that is expecting packets from the caller, a DTLS error is generated. This results in the media session being torn down, which is followed by teardown at signaling (SIP) level too. Abuse of this vulnerability may lead to a massive Denial of Service on vulnerable FreeSWITCH servers for calls that rely on DTLS-SRTP. To address this vulnerability, upgrade FreeSWITCH to 1.10.11 which includes the security fix. The solution implemented is to drop all packets from addresses that have not been validated by an ICE check.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-49840Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-49475Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-49841Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-49847Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-49843Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2023-40018Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-45771Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-49472Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2026-49848Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch
CVE-2023-40019Same product: Freeswitch Freeswitch

Affected Assets

freeswitch
freeswitch
≤ 1.10.11

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-703

Implements explicit check and handling for the exceptional condition of audit logging process failure.

addresses: CWE-703

Establishing and monitoring system metrics with correlation and response actions helps identify and address improper handling of exceptional conditions.

addresses: CWE-703

Provides a defined response to detected conditions by restricting operation, ensuring exceptional conditions are handled rather than ignored or mishandled.

addresses: CWE-703

Contingency training equips users with defined procedures to check and respond to exceptional conditions during disruptions, reducing exploitation of mishandled errors.

addresses: CWE-703

Testing verifies the system's ability to detect, handle, and recover from exceptional conditions as part of the plan, reducing exploitability of improper exception handling.

addresses: CWE-703

Regular updates keep contingency procedures aligned with system changes, providing structured handling for exceptional conditions that would otherwise allow unmitigated exploitation.

addresses: CWE-703

Policy defines checks and handling for exceptional conditions arising from security incidents.

addresses: CWE-703

Performing IR tests ensures exceptional conditions are properly checked and handled to enable effective response.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

removes

A.8.26 only requires that security requirements (including resilience against attacks like SQL injection) be identified and specified during development or acquisition; it does not itself remove, fix, or eliminate any exceptional-condition handling defects already present in code.

removes

A.8.28 mandates secure coding practices, principles, defect removal during coding/review, and prohibiting insecure techniques that directly produce improper exception handling; this removes most instances of the first-party code defect, with a bounded remainder in incomplete adoption or edge-case defects not captured by the baseline.

Hardening callouts derived

DISA STIG baselines are authored against specific weaknesses. Where this CVE cites a broad weakness class, the mapping is not asserted at that abstraction (owner ruling, 2026-09-25: grade only at Base and below), so no rule is shown here rather than a rule shown against the wrong grain.

  • No fine-grained STIG row for CWE-703, a pillar-level weakness, and none of its children carries one either.

References