Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-34006

Moodle ≤ 4.1.10

Published
31 May 2024
Modified
30 May 2025
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 4.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0035 28th percentile
Risk Priority 37 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-34006 is a medium-severity Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context (CWE-838) vulnerability in Moodle Moodle. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Content Injection (T1659); ranked at the 28th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-15 (Information Output Filtering) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The site log report required additional encoding of event descriptions to ensure any HTML in the content is displayed in plaintext instead of being rendered.

CWE(s)
CWE-838

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-3640Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2023-5541Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2023-28329Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2025-67855Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2023-28331Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2025-3635Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2024-43437Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2025-26528Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2025-67850Same product: Moodle Moodle
CVE-2025-26529Same product: Moodle Moodle

Affected Assets

moodle
moodle
≤ 4.1.10 · 4.2.0 — 4.2.7 · 4.3.0 — 4.3.4

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.1
  • V1.2.2
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-15 Information Output Filtering good match

Validates output data representations to ensure consistency with expected formats, directly stopping encoding mismatches for downstream contexts.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles partial match

Requires application of secure engineering principles during development that include correct output encoding for context.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require correct output encoding to match downstream context, but eliminating only this flaw covers a narrow slice of the broader control.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.28 Secure coding mostly match
degrades

Secure coding directly addresses proper output encoding for context, covering most of the weakness and the control's intent.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect encoding mismatches, but testing alone does not prevent the weakness at source.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle requires encoding-aware output handling, but does not mandate context-specific encoding checks.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements can specify correct output encoding, yet the control is broader than this single weakness.

References