Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-3640

Medium

Published: 25 April 2025

Published
25 April 2025
Modified
24 June 2025
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 4.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0016 37.1th percentile
Risk Priority 9 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-3640 is a medium-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Moodle Moodle. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Account Discovery (T1087); ranked at the 37.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

A flaw was found in Moodle. Insufficient capability checks made it possible for a user enrolled in a course to access some details, such as the full name and profile image URL, of other users they did not have permission…

more

to access.

CWE(s)
CWE-639

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1087 Account Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability enables unauthorized access to other users' full names and profile image URLs in Moodle, facilitating account discovery (T1087).

Affected Assets

moodle
moodle
≤ 4.1.18 · 4.3.0 — 4.3.12 · 4.4.0 — 4.4.8

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

AC-24 Access Control Decisions
addresses: CWE-639

Per-request decision making makes it harder to bypass authorization using user-controlled keys without proper validation in the decision process.

AC-3 Access Enforcement
addresses: CWE-639

Consistent enforcement of approved authorizations makes bypassing via user-controlled keys ineffective.

References