Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2024-52961 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Fortinet Fortisandbox. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked at the 42th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2024-52961 is an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS Command vulnerability (CWE-78) affecting multiple versions of Fortinet FortiSandbox, including version 5.0.0, 4.4.0 through 4.4.6, 4.2.1 through 4.2.7, 4.0.0 through 4.0.5, and all versions of 3.2, 3.1, and 3.0. This flaw allows an authenticated attacker with at least read-only permissions to execute unauthorized commands through crafted requests. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for complete system compromise.
An attacker requires valid credentials with read-only access to the FortiSandbox management interface, which can be exploited remotely over the network with low complexity and no user interaction. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary command execution on the underlying operating system, potentially granting full control over the sandbox appliance, including data exfiltration, persistence, or lateral movement within the environment.
Fortinet has published advisory FG-IR-24-306 at https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-306, which provides details on affected versions and recommended mitigations, including available patches. Security practitioners should consult this advisory for upgrade paths and workarounds.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2024-54238
Vulnerability Data
An improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS Command vulnerability [CWE-78] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 5.0.0, FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.6, FortiSandbox 4.2.1 through 4.2.7, FortiSandbox 4.0.0 through 4.0.5, FortiSandbox 3.2 all versions, FortiSandbox 3.1 all versions, FortiSandbox 3.0…
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all versions allows an authenticated attacker with at least read-only permission to execute unauthorized commands via crafted requests.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V1.2.5V1.2.8V15.2.5
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.
Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.
Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.
Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.
Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.
Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.