Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-0906

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
12 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0016 36.1th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0906 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 36.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the JB2 file parsing out-of-bounds read by requiring timely remediation through vendor patches for PDF-XChange Editor.

prevent

Addresses the root cause by enforcing validation of user-supplied JB2 file data to prevent out-of-bounds reads during parsing.

prevent

Provides memory safeguards such as address space layout randomization and data execution prevention to mitigate exploitation of the out-of-bounds read for information disclosure or code execution.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1204.002 Malicious File Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
Why these techniques?

Out-of-bounds read in PDF file parsing enables memory disclosure (T1005) and client-side code execution via malicious file (T1204.002, T1203).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

PDF-XChange Editor JB2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a…

more

malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JB2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25434.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-0906 is an out-of-bounds read information disclosure vulnerability in the JB2 file parsing component of PDF-XChange Editor. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied data during JB2 file processing, which can result in reading past the end of an allocated buffer and exposing sensitive information from affected installations. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is classified under CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read.

Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability through user interaction, such as inducing a target to visit a malicious web page or open a malicious file. No special privileges are required, and the low attack complexity enables attackers to disclose sensitive memory contents. When chained with other vulnerabilities, it can facilitate arbitrary code execution in the context of the PDF-XChange Editor process.

The Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-25-068, which canonized this as ZDI-CAN-25434, provides further technical details on the vulnerability. Security practitioners should consult this reference for recommended mitigations and any available patches.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

pdf-xchange
pdf-xchange editor
≤ 10.4.2.390

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-0905Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0911Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0907Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0908Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0902Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0901Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0904Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0909Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0899Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0903Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor

References