Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-0902

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
12 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0016 36.1th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-0902 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Drive-by Compromise (T1189); ranked at the 36.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Drive-by Compromise (T1189) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly addresses the lack of proper validation of user-supplied XPS data during parsing that causes the out-of-bounds read.

prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and correction of the specific flaw in PDF-XChange Editor's XPS parsing to prevent exploitation.

prevent

Implements memory safeguards that mitigate out-of-bounds reads by protecting against unauthorized memory access in the affected process.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1204.002 Malicious File Execution
An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution.
Why these techniques?

Out-of-bounds read in XPS parser enables client-side exploitation via malicious file or drive-by webpage visit, directly supporting drive-by compromise, client execution exploitation, and malicious file user execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

PDF-XChange Editor XPS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a…

more

malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XPS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25405.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-0902 is an out-of-bounds read information disclosure vulnerability in the XPS file parsing component of PDF-XChange Editor. The flaw arises from a lack of proper validation of user-supplied data during XPS file processing, resulting in a read past the end of an allocated object. This issue affects installations of PDF-XChange Editor and was disclosed as ZDI-CAN-25405, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and mapped to CWE-125.

Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability by inducing a target user to visit a malicious webpage or open a malicious XPS file, as user interaction is required. Exploitation enables disclosure of sensitive information from the affected process. When combined with other vulnerabilities, attackers can achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process.

The Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-25-072 provides further details on this vulnerability and is available at https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-072/. Security practitioners should review this advisory for recommended mitigations and any available patches.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

pdf-xchange
pdf-xchange editor
≤ 10.4.2.390

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-0908Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0901Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0905Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0911Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0907Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0909Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0906Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0904Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0899Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor
CVE-2025-0903Same product: Pdf-Xchange Pdf-Xchange Editor

References