CVE-2025-11294
Published: 05 October 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-11294 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Belkin F9K1015 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 42.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Deeper analysis
CVE-2025-11294 is a buffer overflow vulnerability affecting the Belkin F9K1015 router running firmware version 1.00.10. The issue resides in an unknown functionality of the web endpoint /goform/formL2TPSetup, where manipulation of the L2TPUserName argument triggers the overflow. Classified under CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer) and CWE-120 (Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input), it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for remote exploitation.
Attackers with low privileges, such as authenticated users on the device, can exploit this vulnerability remotely without user interaction. Successful exploitation allows arbitrary code execution, potentially granting high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromises, such as full device takeover. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available on GitHub, increasing the risk of widespread abuse.
No official patches or mitigations are available, as the vendor was notified early but has not responded. Security practitioners should consider isolating or decommissioning affected Belkin F9K1015 devices until further notice, monitoring for exploit attempts via the /goform/formL2TPSetup endpoint.
The exploit's public disclosure heightens the urgency, as it may already be in use by threat actors targeting unpatched routers.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-32232
Vulnerability details
A vulnerability was detected in Belkin F9K1015 1.00.10. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /goform/formL2TPSetup. The manipulation of the argument L2TPUserName results in buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is now…
more
public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in the remotely accessible web form /goform/formL2TPSetup enables exploitation of a public-facing application for potential remote code execution.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Directly enforces validation of inputs like the L2TPUserName argument at the /goform/formL2TPSetup endpoint to prevent buffer overflows from improper restriction of operations within memory bounds.
Implements memory safeguards such as non-executable memory and address space randomization to block arbitrary code execution even if a buffer overflow occurs in the L2TP setup functionality.
Mandates identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like this buffer overflow vulnerability through timely firmware updates or compensating controls until vendor patches are available.