CVE-2025-11444
Published: 08 October 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-11444 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Totolink N600R Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 30.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Directly remediates the buffer overflow vulnerability by requiring timely identification and patching of the flaw in the TOTOLINK N600R firmware's setWiFiBasicConfig function.
Validates inputs to the wepkey argument in the HTTP request handler to prevent buffer overflows from malformed or oversized data.
Implements memory protections such as ASLR and stack canaries to mitigate exploitation of the buffer overflow even if input validation fails.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Buffer overflow in the router's public-facing HTTP CGI interface (/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi) via wepkey parameter enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) for potential RCE and endpoint DoS through application crash (T1499.004).
NVD Description
A security vulnerability has been detected in TOTOLINK N600R up to 4.3.0cu.7866_B20220506. This impacts the function setWiFiBasicConfig of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component HTTP Request Handler. Such manipulation of the argument wepkey leads to buffer overflow. It is possible…
more
to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-11444 is a buffer overflow vulnerability in TOTOLINK N600R routers running firmware versions up to 4.3.0cu.7866_B20220506. The flaw affects the setWiFiBasicConfig function in the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi file of the HTTP Request Handler component, where manipulation of the wepkey argument triggers the overflow. Published on 2025-10-08, it is rated 8.8 on the CVSS v3.1 scale (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and maps to CWE-119 and CWE-120.
The vulnerability enables remote exploitation by attackers possessing low privileges, such as authenticated users, with low attack complexity and no need for user interaction. Exploitation of the buffer overflow can result in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially allowing arbitrary code execution on the affected device.
Advisories and references, including VulDB entries and a GitHub repository, document the issue but do not specify vendor patches or detailed mitigation steps. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available, demonstrating reproduction of the buffer overflow via the wepkey parameter.
The exploit has been publicly disclosed, heightening the risk for unpatched TOTOLINK N600R devices exposed to the internet.
Details
- CWE(s)