Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-1180

Memory Safety in Gnu Binutils 2.43

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
11 February 2025
Modified
21 May 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 2.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0069 49th percentile
Risk Priority 15 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-1180 is a low-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Gnu Binutils. Its CVSS base score is 2.3 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools (T1195.001); ranked at the 49th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in GNU Binutils 2.43. This affects the function _bfd_elf_write_section_eh_frame of the file bfd/elf-eh-frame.c of the component ld. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The…

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complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1195.001 Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools Initial Access
Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.
Why these techniques?

Memory corruption vulnerability in GNU Binutils ld (a core development tool used in software build pipelines) enables compromise of build processes, allowing injection of malicious code into compiled binaries, directly facilitating T1195.001: Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-5245Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-1153Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-5244Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-1182Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-1179Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-1176Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-11840Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-11412Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-7546Same product: Gnu Binutils
CVE-2025-11082Same product: Gnu Binutils

Affected Assets

gnu
binutils
2.43

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SI-16 Memory Protection
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V17.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires applying the vendor patch that eliminates the memory-corruption flaw in _bfd_elf_write_section_eh_frame.

prevent

Enforces OS-level memory protections (ASLR, NX, guard pages) that raise the bar for successful exploitation of the reported corruption.

prevent

Requires validation of all input data structures before processing, which would have blocked the malformed ELF eh_frame sections that trigger the flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (bounds checking, safe APIs, reviews) directly prevent this class of flaw.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis directly surface buffer-boundary flaws.

ID.RA-08 partial match
prevents

Receiving and triaging vulnerability disclosures commonly includes buffer-related reports.

PR.AT-02 partial match
prevents

Developer training on secure coding reduces introduction of memory-buffer errors.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching replaces vulnerable code containing buffer-boundary defects.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates memory-safety practices that directly prevent buffer-boundary violations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-safety rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safe design patterns that mitigate buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer operations, directly eliminating CWE-119.

References