Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-20171

High

Published: 05 February 2025

Published
05 February 2025
Modified
03 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.7 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0030 53.4th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-20171 is a high-severity Uncaught Exception (CWE-248) vulnerability in Cisco Ios. Its CVSS base score is 7.7 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked in the top 46.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 CM-7 (Least Functionality) and SI-11 (Error Handling).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Remediates the specific SNMP parsing flaw causing DoS by requiring timely application of vendor software updates.

prevent

Directly addresses improper error handling in SNMP request parsing to prevent uncaught exceptions that trigger device reloads.

prevent

Prohibits unnecessary SNMP functionality or versions like v1/v2c, eliminating the authenticated remote attack vector.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

The CVE describes exploitation of an SNMP parsing flaw via crafted authenticated requests to trigger device reload and DoS, directly matching Application or System Exploitation under Endpoint DoS.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A vulnerability in the SNMP subsystem of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to cause a DoS condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper error handling when parsing…

more

SNMP requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted SNMP request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload unexpectedly, resulting in a DoS condition.  This vulnerability affects SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. To exploit this vulnerability through SNMP v2c or earlier, the attacker must know a valid read-write or read-only SNMP community string for the affected system. To exploit this vulnerability through SNMP v3, the attacker must have valid SNMP user credentials for the affected system.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-20171 is a vulnerability in the SNMP subsystem of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software that stems from improper error handling when parsing SNMP requests. It affects SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.7 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H) and is associated with CWE-248 (Uncaught Exception). An authenticated, remote attacker could exploit this by sending a crafted SNMP request to an affected device, causing it to reload unexpectedly and triggering a denial-of-service (DoS) condition.

Exploitation requires authentication: for SNMP v2c or earlier, the attacker must know a valid read-write or read-only SNMP community string; for SNMP v3, valid SNMP user credentials are needed. A successful attack results solely in a DoS, with no impact on confidentiality or integrity, as the device scope is changed (S:C).

The Cisco Security Advisory at https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-snmp-dos-sdxnSUcW provides details on affected versions and mitigation steps, including software updates where available.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

cisco
ios
12.2\(33\)cx, 12.2\(33\)cy, 12.2\(33\)cy1, 12.2\(33\)cy2, 12.2\(33\)ira
cisco
ios xe
16.1.1, 16.1.2, 16.1.3, 16.10.1, 16.10.1a

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References