Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21373

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
26 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0016 36.7th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21373 is a high-severity Link Following (CWE-59) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 36.7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates CVE-2025-21373 by requiring timely identification, reporting, and correction of the flaw in Windows Installer through patching.

prevent

Enforces least privilege for local low-privilege attackers, limiting the attack surface and impact of elevation of privilege via Windows Installer.

prevent

Mandates enforcement of approved access authorizations, countering the improper link resolution before file access that enables privilege escalation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

The CVE describes a local elevation of privilege vulnerability in the Windows Installer component (CWE-59), directly enabling exploitation to gain higher privileges from a low-privileged context.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21373 is a Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability affecting the Windows Installer component in Microsoft Windows operating systems. Published on 2025-02-11, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (High), with the vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. The vulnerability is associated with CWE-59 (Improper Link Resolution Before File Access) and NVD-CWE-noinfo.

A local attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability through low-complexity attacks requiring no user interaction. Successful exploitation enables elevation of privileges, resulting in high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) provides details on this vulnerability, including patch information and mitigation guidance, in their update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21373.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20915 · ≤ 10.0.10240.20915
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7785 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7785
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.6893 · ≤ 10.0.17763.6893
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5487
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5487
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.4890
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.4890
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.3194
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21419Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21420Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21391Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21331Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2026-25187Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21359Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-54918Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-47986Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21287Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-24072Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

References