Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21419

High

Published: 11 February 2025

Published
11 February 2025
Modified
14 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0023 45.6th percentile
Risk Priority 14 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21419 is a high-severity Link Following (CWE-59) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 45.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and AC-6 (Least Privilege).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly addresses the CVE by requiring timely identification, reporting, and patching of the flaw in Windows Setup Files Cleanup improper link resolution.

prevent

Mitigates privilege escalation by enforcing least privilege on users and processes, limiting the attacker's ability to exploit low-privilege access for elevation.

detect

Enables monitoring of system activities to detect indicators of exploitation, such as anomalous file access or privilege changes during setup cleanup operations.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

This is a local elevation of privilege vulnerability (CWE-59 improper link resolution) that is directly exploited to gain higher privileges on the system.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Windows Setup Files Cleanup Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21419 is a Windows Setup Files Cleanup Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability affecting the Windows operating system. Published on 2025-02-11, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-59 (Improper Link Resolution Before File Access) and NVD-CWE-noinfo.

A local attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability through low-complexity means without requiring user interaction. Successful exploitation enables privilege escalation, leading to high impacts on system integrity and availability, though confidentiality remains unaffected.

Microsoft's Security Update Guide provides details on mitigation and patching for this vulnerability at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21419.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.20915 · ≤ 10.0.10240.20915
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.7785 · ≤ 10.0.14393.7785
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.6893 · ≤ 10.0.17763.6893
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.5487
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.5487
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.4890
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.4890
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.3194
microsoft
windows server 2008
r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+5 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21373Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21420Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21391Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21331Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2026-25187Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-21359Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-54918Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-47986Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-21287Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2025-24072Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507

References