Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-21506

High

Published: 21 January 2025

Published
21 January 2025
Modified
23 June 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0028 51.8th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-21506 is a high-severity Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863) vulnerability in Oracle E-Business Suite. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 48.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 2 other techniques. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the vulnerability by requiring timely remediation through application of Oracle patches for the affected E-Business Suite versions.

prevent

Enforces approved access authorizations in the system, countering the improper authorization (CWE-863) that allows low-privileged attackers unauthorized create/delete/modify/read access to critical data.

prevent

Limits privileges to the minimum necessary, reducing the potential impact and scope of exploitation by low-privileged HTTP network attackers.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1213 Data from Information Repositories Collection
Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.
T1565.001 Stored Data Manipulation Impact
Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.
Why these techniques?

The network-accessible authorization vulnerability (CWE-863) in Oracle E-Business Suite directly enables exploitation of a public-facing application (T1190) by low-privileged attackers, facilitating unauthorized access to critical data in information repositories (T1213) and stored data manipulation including creation/deletion/modification (T1565.001).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Vulnerability in the Oracle Project Foundation product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Technology Foundation). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.13. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Project Foundation. Successful attacks…

more

of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Project Foundation accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Project Foundation accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-21506 is a vulnerability in the Oracle Project Foundation product of Oracle E-Business Suite, specifically affecting the Technology Foundation component. Supported versions impacted by this issue range from 12.2.3 to 12.2.13. Published on 2025-01-21, it carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 with the vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N and is associated with CWE-863.

The vulnerability is easily exploitable by a low-privileged attacker who has network access via HTTP. Successful attacks allow the compromise of Oracle Project Foundation, resulting in unauthorized creation, deletion, or modification of critical data or all Oracle Project Foundation accessible data, as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Project Foundation accessible data. The impacts are high for confidentiality and integrity, with no availability impact.

Mitigation details are provided in the Oracle security advisory at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2025.html.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

oracle
e-business suite
12.2.3 — 12.2.13

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-21516Same product: Oracle E-Business Suite
CVE-2025-30743Same vendor: Oracle
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CVE-2025-21565Same vendor: Oracle
CVE-2025-21556Same vendor: Oracle
CVE-2025-30751Same vendor: Oracle
CVE-2025-21564Same vendor: Oracle
CVE-2025-50105Same vendor: Oracle
CVE-2026-34287Same vendor: Oracle
CVE-2025-21535Same vendor: Oracle

References