CVE-2025-22938
Adtran 411 Firmware l80.00.0011.m2
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2025-22938 is a critical-severity Use of Default Password (CWE-1393) vulnerability in Adtran 411 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Default Accounts (T1078.001); ranked at the 42th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2025-22938 affects the Adtran 411 ONT running firmware version L80.00.0011.M2, which contains weak default passwords. This vulnerability, published on 2025-03-31, is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-1393. The issue enables unauthorized access due to easily guessable or known default credentials on the optical network terminal (ONT) device.
A remote attacker with network access can exploit this vulnerability without privileges or user interaction by leveraging the weak default passwords to authenticate and gain control. Successful exploitation allows high-impact compromise, including unauthorized access to confidential data, modification of system integrity, and disruption of availability, potentially leading to full device takeover.
Advisories and further details are available in the provided references, including https://drive.google.com/file/d/1levaZk5aC6g6a2zPW8xlOIVAu9MFYvAz/view and https://lanrat.com/posts/adtran-isp-hacking/.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-8766
Vulnerability Data
Adtran 411 ONT L80.00.0011.M2 was discovered to contain weak default passwords.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Authenticator management requires verification of identity at initial distribution and secure handling that directly stops default passwords from remaining in use.
Configuration settings establish the most restrictive secure baselines, which include changing or disabling default passwords.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Credential management directly requires replacing default passwords with unique, strong credentials.
Hardened configuration baselines explicitly prohibit default passwords, covering most of the weakness but not all identity-management aspects.
Vulnerability scanning will discover default-password instances, enabling remediation, yet does not itself prevent their initial use.
Authentication policies can enforce non-default passwords but do not address the full scope of credential lifecycle.
Authorization policies assume credentials already exist and are not default; least-privilege helps limit impact but does not prevent defaults.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Mandates secure handling and change of authentication secrets, directly addressing default passwords.
Configuration management processes typically enforce changing defaults during hardening.
Requires secure authentication mechanisms, which includes replacing or disabling default credentials.
Utility programs often ship with defaults; control requires secure configuration before use.
Privileged accounts must not retain factory passwords, reducing risk of default-credential abuse.