CVE-2025-22940

CriticalPublic PoC

Published: 31 March 2025

Published

31 March 2025

Modified

18 August 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v3.1 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0029 53.1th percentile

Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-22940 is a critical-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Adtran 411 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.1 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 46.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-22940 is an incorrect access control vulnerability affecting the Adtran 411 ONT running firmware version L80.00.0011.M2. It enables unauthorized attackers to arbitrarily set the admin password, as documented under CWE-284. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low attack complexity, and lack of prerequisites.

Remote attackers require no privileges or user interaction to exploit this flaw over the network. Successful exploitation allows them to set the admin password, granting high-level confidentiality and integrity impacts, such as full administrative control over the device without affecting availability.

Mitigation details and advisories are referenced in the following sources: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1levaZk5aC6g6a2zPW8xlOIVAu9MFYvAz/view, https://lanrat.com/posts/adtran-isp-hacking/, and https://drive.google.com/file/d/1levaZk5aC6g6a2zPW8xlOIVAu9MFYvAz/view.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-8763

Vulnerability details

Incorrect access control in Adtran 411 ONT L80.00.0011.M2 allows unauthorized attackers to arbitrarily set the admin password.

CWE(s): CWE-284

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1098 Account Manipulation Persistence

Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain and/or elevate access to victim systems.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The CVE describes an unauthenticated remote vulnerability allowing arbitrary admin password setting on a public-facing ONT device, enabling exploitation via T1190 for initial access and facilitating T1098 by permitting unauthorized account password changes.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0