Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-24180

Open Redirect in Apple Safari ≤ 18.4

Published
31 March 2025
Modified
02 April 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0096 58th percentile
Risk Priority 62 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24180 is a high-severity Open Redirect (CWE-601) vulnerability in Apple Safari. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Phishing (T1566); ranked in the top 42% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-24180 is a vulnerability in the WebAuthn implementation that allows a malicious website to claim credentials registered to another website sharing a registrable suffix, due to insufficient input validation. The issue affects Apple's Safari browser and operating systems including iOS 18.4 and earlier, iPadOS 18.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.4 and earlier, visionOS 2.4 and earlier, and watchOS 11.4 and earlier. It is rated with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N) and is associated with CWE-601 (URL Redirection to Untrusted Site).

An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by hosting a malicious website that tricks a user into interacting with it, such as during WebAuthn registration or authentication. No special privileges are required, but user interaction is necessary, typically via visiting the site and approving a credential operation. Successful exploitation enables the attacker to access high-integrity WebAuthn credentials (like FIDO2 passkeys) from a legitimate site with a shared domain suffix, potentially compromising user authentication on that site without impacting availability.

Apple security advisories confirm the vulnerability was addressed through improved input validation in Safari 18.4, iOS 18.4, iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4, visionOS 2.4, and watchOS 11.4. Users are advised to update to these versions promptly, as detailed in the referenced support pages (https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371, https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373, https://support.apple.com/en-us/122376, https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378, https://support.apple.com/en-us/122379).

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.4, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4, visionOS 2.4, watchOS 11.4. A malicious website may be able to claim WebAuthn credentials from another website…

more

that shares a registrable suffix.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1566 Phishing Initial Access
Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-43526Same product: Apple Macos
CVE-2025-43541Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-20608Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2024-44259Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-20644Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-30466Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-20636Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-43535Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-20676Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-24113Same product: Apple Ipados

Affected Assets

apple
safari
≤ 18.4
apple
ipados
≤ 18.4
apple
iphone os
≤ 18.4
apple
macos
15.0 — 15.4
apple
visionos
≤ 2.3

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V3.7.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Input validation directly checks and rejects untrusted redirect targets before they are used in a response.

Information flow enforcement can restrict redirects to only approved/trusted destinations, stopping untrusted user-supplied URLs from being followed.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and untrusted-redirect controls that prevent CWE-601.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

mitigates

Preventing access to attacker-controlled or malicious sites stops users from being redirected to untrusted locations via open-redirect or phishing links.

References