Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-24150

RCE in Apple Safari ≤ 18.3

RCECommand Injection
Published
27 January 2025
Modified
02 April 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.029 86th percentile
Risk Priority 69 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-24150 is a high-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Apple Safari. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 14% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-24150 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-77) stemming from inadequate handling of files, specifically where copying a URL from Web Inspector can trigger command injection. The issue affects Safari versions prior to 18.3, iOS prior to 18.3, iPadOS prior to 18.3, and macOS Sequoia prior to 15.3. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact.

A remote attacker without privileges can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a target user into copying a maliciously crafted URL from Web Inspector, which requires user interaction. Successful exploitation enables command injection, potentially granting the attacker high-impact access to compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected system.

Apple advisories confirm the issue was fixed with improved file handling in Safari 18.3, iOS 18.3, iPadOS 18.3, and macOS Sequoia 15.3. Mitigation involves updating to these patched versions, as detailed in support documents at https://support.apple.com/en-us/122066, https://support.apple.com/en-us/122068, and https://support.apple.com/en-us/122074, along with full disclosure postings at http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jan/13 and http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jan/15.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A05:2025 Injection

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A privacy issue was addressed with improved handling of files. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.3, iOS 18.3 and iPadOS 18.3, macOS Sequoia 15.3. Copying a URL from Web Inspector may lead to command injection.

CWE(s)
CWE-77

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-27818Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2023-40396Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-20671Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2024-23247Same product: Apple Macos
CVE-2023-42833Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2023-28205Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2022-22620Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2023-23529Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2023-32435Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-20675Same product: Apple Ipados

Affected Assets

apple
safari
≤ 18.3
apple
ipados
≤ 18.3
apple
iphone os
≤ 18.3
apple
macos
≤ 15.3

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

—

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.3
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V1.2.9

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SA-11 Developer Testing and Evaluation good match

Developer testing and evaluation can discover command-construction flaws before deployment.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

Input validation directly stops construction of commands from untrusted data containing special elements.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles partial match

Secure engineering principles include proper neutralization and safe command construction practices.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input validation and neutralization that prevent command injection.

DE.CM-09 partial match
prevents

Runtime monitoring of software and data can detect anomalous command execution resulting from injection.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities enables remediation of command-injection flaws before exploitation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.28 Secure coding mostly match
prevents

Secure coding standards require proper escaping and parameterization of commands, directly eliminating CWE-77.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches command-injection vulnerabilities before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and command construction practices that directly prevent command injection.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including command injection.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the attack surface but do not prescribe the specific neutralization techniques needed.

A.8.31 Separation of development, test and production environments none match
none

Environment separation limits the blast radius of an exploited command injection but does not prevent the flaw itself.

References