Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-25898

HighPublic PoC

Published: 13 February 2025

Published
13 February 2025
Modified
18 March 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0014 33.4th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-25898 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787) vulnerability in Tp-Link Tl-Wr841Nd Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 33.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly validates the pskSecret parameter input to prevent buffer overflow exploitation from crafted packets.

prevent

Remediates the specific buffer overflow flaw in the router's handling of the pskSecret parameter through timely patching or updates.

prevent

Protects against the denial-of-service condition caused by the buffer overflow crash via DoS mitigation techniques like rate limiting.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Buffer overflow in public router web UI endpoint directly enables remote unauthenticated exploitation for DoS via application/system exploitation.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

A buffer overflow vulnerability was discovered in TP-Link TL-WR841ND V11 via the pskSecret parameter at /userRpm/WlanSecurityRpm.htm. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted packet.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-25898, published on 2025-02-13, is a buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-787) affecting the TP-Link TL-WR841ND V11 router. The issue resides in the handling of the pskSecret parameter at the /userRpm/WlanSecurityRpm.htm endpoint, with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Remote, unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and no user interaction by sending a crafted packet to the affected endpoint. Successful exploitation leads to a Denial of Service condition, disrupting the router's availability without impacting confidentiality or integrity.

A technical report detailing the vulnerability is available at https://github.com/2664521593/mycve/blob/main/TP-Link/BOF_in_TP-Link_TL-WR841ND-V11_1.pdf.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

tp-link
tl-wr841nd firmware
all versions

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-25901Same product: Tp-Link Tl-Wr841Nd
CVE-2025-25897Same product: Tp-Link Tl-Wr841Nd
CVE-2026-3622Same vendor: Tp-Link
CVE-2026-0918Same vendor: Tp-Link
CVE-2025-15608Same vendor: Tp-Link
CVE-2025-9377Same product: Tp-Link Tl-Wr841Nd
CVE-2025-15606Same vendor: Tp-Link
CVE-2026-1668Same vendor: Tp-Link
CVE-2025-9014Same vendor: Tp-Link
CVE-2026-30814Same vendor: Tp-Link

References