CVE-2025-25940

CriticalPublic PoCRCE

Published: 10 March 2025

Published

10 March 2025

Modified

23 June 2025

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0163 82.1th percentile

Risk Priority 21 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-25940 is a critical-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Visicut Visicut. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 17.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Requires timely remediation of the insecure XML deserialization flaw in VisiCut's loadPlfFile method to eliminate arbitrary code execution.

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

prevent

Mandates validation of untrusted XML inputs prior to deserialization to block malicious payloads targeting the VisicutModel.java vulnerability.

SI-16 Memory Protection good match

prevent

Deploys memory protections such as DEP to prevent execution of arbitrary code resulting from insecure deserialization in VisiCut.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution

Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated arbitrary code execution via insecure XML deserialization directly enables exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190) and command/script execution on the target (T1059).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

VisiCut 2.1 allows code execution via Insecure XML Deserialization in the loadPlfFile method of VisicutModel.java.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-25940 is a critical vulnerability in VisiCut 2.1 that enables arbitrary code execution through insecure XML deserialization in the loadPlfFile method of VisicutModel.java. The issue is classified under CWE-502 (Deserialization of Untrusted Data) and affects the VisiCut software component.

With a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), the vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network by unauthenticated attackers with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows attackers to achieve high-impact effects on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, including full code execution on the target system.

Advisories and mitigation guidance are provided at https://royblume.github.io/CVE-2025-25940/ and the VisiCut GitHub repository https://github.com/t-oster/VisiCut, published on 2025-03-10.