Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-27740

High

Published: 08 April 2025

Published
08 April 2025
Modified
10 July 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0117 79.1th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-27740 is a high-severity Weak Authentication (CWE-1390) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 20.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-27740 is a weak authentication vulnerability in Windows Active Directory Certificate Services, assigned CWE-1390 and carrying a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8. The flaw permits network-based attacks that require only low-privilege credentials and no user interaction, resulting in complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on affected systems.

An authorized attacker with valid but limited credentials can exploit the weakness over the network to escalate privileges, obtaining administrative control of the certificate services environment and any resources it protects.

Microsoft has published an advisory for CVE-2025-27740 that includes remediation guidance; the current EPSS score of 0.0117 (peak 0.0171) remains low and shows no material post-disclosure increase.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Weak authentication in Windows Active Directory Certificate Services allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.7969
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.7136
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.3453
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.1551
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.3775

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-1390

Helps detect exploitation of weak authentication mechanisms by notifying of previous unauthorized logons.

addresses: CWE-1390

The IA policy requires strong authentication methods, reducing use of weak authentication.

addresses: CWE-1390

Enforces dynamic, context-aware authentication that mitigates weak static authentication by increasing requirements based on risk or conditions.

addresses: CWE-1390

Enforces authentication for users, reducing the viability of weak authentication mechanisms.

addresses: CWE-1390

Requires authentication mechanisms to meet applicable standards and guidelines, preventing weak authentication.

References