CVE-2025-30736
Published: 15 April 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-30736 is a high-severity Improper Access Control (CWE-284) vulnerability in Oracle Java Virtual Machine. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).
Operationally, ranked in the top 21.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
The vulnerability CVE-2025-30736 resides in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server. It affects supported releases 19.3-19.26, 21.3-21.17, and 23.4-23.7. The flaw is rated CVSS 7.4 with the vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N and is associated with CWE-284 improper access control.
An unauthenticated attacker who has network access over multiple protocols can exploit the issue, though doing so is considered difficult. Successful exploitation grants the ability to create, delete, or modify critical data or all Java VM-accessible data and to obtain complete unauthorized access to the same data sets, affecting confidentiality and integrity but not availability.
The Oracle April 2025 Critical Patch Update at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2025.html addresses the vulnerability and supplies mitigation guidance for affected Database Server installations. The associated EPSS score remains low, with a current value of 0.0107 and a recorded peak of 0.0139.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-11016
Vulnerability details
Vulnerability in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.26, 21.3-21.17 and 23.4-23.7. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java VM. Successful attacks of…
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this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Java VM accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Java VM accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.
Device lock enforces restricted access until re-authentication, directly reducing unauthorized use of active sessions.
Supervision and review of access control activities directly detects and remediates improper access configurations or usages.
Explicitly identifying and documenting actions permitted without identification or authentication enforces proper access control boundaries by defining justified exceptions.
By automatically labeling outputs with security attributes, the control supports attribute-based enforcement and reduces exploitability of improper access control weaknesses.
Associating and retaining security attributes with data directly supports enforcement of access control decisions across storage, processing, and transmission.
Requiring prior authorization for each remote access type prevents improper access control over remote connections.
Requiring authorization of wireless access before allowing connections enforces proper access control for this access method.