Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-31262

LPE in Apple Ipados ≤ 18.3

Published
19 May 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0014 4th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-31262 is a medium-severity Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource (CWE-732) vulnerability in Apple Ipados. Its CVSS base score is 5.5 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked at the 4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.3 and iPadOS 18.3, macOS Sequoia 15.3, tvOS 18.3, visionOS 2.3, watchOS 11.3. An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-23223Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2024-44176Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-43226Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-43209Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-43354Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2024-40788Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2026-28878Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2024-54494Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2024-27832Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2025-46279Same product: Apple Ipados

Affected Assets

apple
ipados
≤ 18.3
apple
iphone os
≤ 18.3
apple
macos
≤ 15.3
apple
tvos
≤ 18.3
apple
visionos
≤ 2.3
apple
watchos
≤ 11.3

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
  • CM-5 Access Restrictions for Change
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 7 hardening rules · 4 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly enforces file-system permission checks so an app cannot modify protected resources, which is exactly the permissions issue fixed in CVE-2025-31262.

prevent

Requires apps to operate with only the minimum privileges needed, preventing the over-privileged access that allowed modification of protected file-system areas.

prevent

Restricts which processes may perform configuration or file-system changes, limiting the attack surface for unauthorized writes described in the CVE.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 full match
prevents

Directly requires defining, enforcing, and reviewing access permissions and least privilege on resources.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened baselines and configuration management explicitly include correct permission settings for critical resources.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

By requiring owners to determine and document the exact permissions needed for each asset, the control reduces the likelihood that default or overly permissive file and resource permissions will be left in place.

prevents

Documented provisioning and revocation procedures reduce the chance that critical resources retain overly permissive default or leftover permissions after personnel changes.

prevents

Documented authorization, expiry rules, and audit logging of privileged accounts make it harder for critical resources to retain overly permissive or stale permission assignments.

prevents

Requiring explicit configuration of access controls and permissions for files, applications and services counters the assignment of overly permissive default or incorrect file-system rights.

prevents

Enforcing differentiated permissions on the source-code repository and program listings stops the assignment of overly broad default or inherited permissions to critical resources.

prevents

By defining and enforcing secure permission settings in configuration templates, the control reduces the likelihood that critical resources receive incorrect permission assignments.

References