Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-31648

Published
10 February 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
CVSS Score v4 1.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0013 3th percentile
Risk Priority 12 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-31648 is a low-severity Improper Handling of Values (CWE-229) vulnerability in Intel (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 1.8 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 3th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Improper handling of values in the microcode flow for some Intel(R) Processor Family may allow an escalation of privilege. Startup code and smm adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable escalation of privilege. This…

more

result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present with special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (low), integrity (low) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (low), integrity (low) and availability (none) impacts.

CWE(s)
CWE-229

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1687 Exploitation for Defense Impairment Defense Impairment
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities in security software, infrastructure, or defensive components to degrade, disable, or otherwise continue to impair their ability to prevent, detect, or respond to malicious activity.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-20268Shared CWE-229
CVE-2025-7964Shared CWE-229
CVE-2024-29460Shared CWE-229
CVE-2024-0607Shared CWE-229
CVE-2024-39531Shared CWE-229
CVE-2024-30800Shared CWE-229
CVE-2024-20431Shared CWE-229
CVE-2026-45602Shared CWE-229
CVE-2024-36737Shared CWE-229
CVE-2025-59032Shared CWE-229

Affected Assets

Intel
—
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match

Input validation directly enforces correct handling of parameter counts and defined values before processing occurs.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper input validation and parameter handling to prevent this weakness.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing can detect missing-value flaws but does not itself implement the handling logic.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle includes input validation and parameter handling requirements that reduce missing-value errors.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for validation of all input parameters and fields.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles encourage robust input handling but do not directly specify value-count checks.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards mandate proper handling of missing or undefined parameters, directly addressing this weakness.

References