CVE-2025-33042
Published: 13 February 2026
Summary
CVE-2025-33042 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Apache Avro. Its CVSS base score is 7.3 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 17.8th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Likely Mitigating ControlsAI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Makes persistent code injection into loaded programs impossible when the executable image itself resides on hardware-protected read-only media.
Dynamically generated code can be produced and executed inside the isolated chamber, preventing host compromise from code-injection payloads.
Validates inputs used in dynamic code generation to block injected directives.
Directly prevents execution of attacker-supplied code written into data memory regions.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Remote unauthenticated code injection in a network-accessible library directly maps to exploitation of public-facing applications for code execution.
NVD Description
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache Avro Java SDK when generating specific records from untrusted Avro schemas. This issue affects Apache Avro Java SDK: all versions through 1.11.4 and version 1.12.0. Users are recommended to…
more
upgrade to version 1.12.1 or 1.11.5, which fix the issue.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-33042 is an Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability, classified under CWE-94, in the Apache Avro Java SDK. It occurs when generating specific records from untrusted Avro schemas. The issue affects all versions of the Apache Avro Java SDK through 1.11.4 and version 1.12.0. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L), indicating high severity due to its network accessibility and low attack complexity.
Remote attackers require no privileges or user interaction to exploit this vulnerability over the network. Successful exploitation allows limited impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability through code injection, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution in the context of the affected application processing untrusted schemas.
Apache advisories recommend upgrading to remedied versions 1.12.1 or 1.11.5 to mitigate the issue. Additional details are available in the Apache mailing list announcement at https://lists.apache.org/thread/fy88wmgf1lj9479vrpt12cv8x73lroj1 and the OSS-Security mailing list at http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/02/12/2.
Details
- CWE(s)