Raw vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:XSummary
CVE-2025-34119 is a high-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Githubusercontent (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 28% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
A remote file disclosure vulnerability affects EasyCafe Server version 2.2.14. The server component listening on TCP port 831 implements a custom protocol that accepts unauthenticated requests containing opcode 0x43, allowing an attacker to specify an absolute file path and retrieve the file contents if it exists and is readable by the server process. The flaw is associated with missing authentication requirements (CWE-306) and exposure of resources to the wrong sphere (CWE-668), resulting in a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.8.
Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit the issue over the network without user interaction or credentials. By sending a crafted opcode 0x43 request, an attacker can read arbitrary files on the server, including system configuration files, password stores, and application data, thereby achieving high-impact confidentiality loss with limited integrity effects.
Public exploit code is available, including a Metasploit auxiliary scanner module and an Exploit-DB entry, and the current EPSS score of 0.4530 matches its recorded peak, indicating sustained exploitation interest since disclosure. No vendor patch or mitigation guidance is referenced in the available advisories.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-21751
Vulnerability Data
A remote file disclosure vulnerability exists in EasyCafe Server 2.2.14, exploitable by unauthenticated remote attackers via TCP port 831. The server listens for a custom protocol where opcode 0x43 can be used to request arbitrary files by absolute path. If…
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the file exists and is accessible, its content is returned without authentication. This flaw allows attackers to retrieve sensitive files such as system configuration, password files, or application data.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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- 14 hardening rules · 8 OS baselines
V6.2.3V6.4.4V10.4.16V12.1.3
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Access enforcement directly stops resources from being reachable by actors outside the intended control sphere.
Directly mandates unique identification and authentication of users before access to functions requiring identity.
Extends the same authentication requirement to non-organizational users accessing critical functionality.
Requires authentication of services before they can invoke or expose critical functions.
Explicitly identifies and limits actions permitted without authentication, preventing critical functions from being exposed.
Information flow enforcement structurally prevents unintended cross-sphere data or resource exposure.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Directly requires authentication of users/services/hardware, which eliminates missing authentication for critical functions.
Enforcing least-privilege authorizations directly prevents resources from being exposed outside their intended control sphere.
Managing identities and credentials is a prerequisite for authentication but does not itself enforce it on critical functions.
Protecting networks from unauthorized access can be undermined by missing authentication but does not address the root authentication gap.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
The control explicitly calls for authentication before any critical function is reached, eliminating the possibility of bypassing authentication for high-value operations.
Mandating authentication requirements for critical functions at the requirements-gathering stage ensures that essential operations are not left unprotected by missing login or verification mechanisms.
Mandating authentication for network services and critical functions stops attackers from invoking sensitive operations without credentials, closing gaps where authentication is absent for important capabilities.
Placing systems of differing trust levels into separate domains prevents resources from being placed in a sphere where they are reachable by unintended actors.
Security engineering principles insist on authentication and authorization for every critical function, eliminating entry points that lack any access control mechanism.
Requiring owners to manage the full asset life cycle and remove assets from the inventory upon secure disposal helps prevent resources from being inadvertently exposed outside their intended security sphere.
Hardening callouts derived
Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).
Oracle Linux 8 (3 rules)
- V-248827 OL 8 must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-306, CWE-668
- V-248585 OL 8 must require reauthentication when using the "sudo" command. prevents CWE-306
- V-248823 OL 8 must not have the telnet-server package installed. prevents CWE-668
RHEL 7 (2 rules)
- V-204442 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-306, CWE-668
- V-237635 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must require re-authentication when using the "sudo" command. prevents CWE-306
RHEL 8 (2 rules)
- V-230492 RHEL 8 must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-306
- V-237643 RHEL 8 must require re-authentication when using the "sudo" command. prevents CWE-306
Windows 10 (1 rule)
- V-220967 The Debug programs user right must only be assigned to the Administrators group. prevents CWE-668
Windows 11 (1 rule)
- V-253490 The "Debug programs" user right must only be assigned to the Administrators group. prevents CWE-668
Windows Server 2016 (1 rule)
- V-225079 The Debug programs user right must only be assigned to the Administrators group. prevents CWE-668
Windows Server 2019 (1 rule)
- V-205757 Windows Server 2019 Debug programs: user right must only be assigned to the Administrators group. prevents CWE-668
Windows Server 2022 (1 rule)
- V-254500 Windows Server 2022 debug programs user right must only be assigned to the Administrators group. prevents CWE-668