Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-49556

Access Control in Adobe Commerce ≤ 2.4.4

Published
12 August 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0062 46th percentile
Risk Priority 59 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-49556 is a high-severity Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863) vulnerability in Adobe Commerce. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 46th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-24 (Access Control Decisions) and AC-25 (Reference Monitor) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.9-alpha1, 2.4.8-p1, 2.4.7-p6, 2.4.6-p11, 2.4.5-p13, 2.4.4-p14 and earlier contain an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability (CWE-863). The flaw permits a security feature bypass that grants unauthorized read access, carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5, and is exploitable over the network without credentials or user interaction.

An unauthenticated attacker can send crafted requests to the affected Magento instances to circumvent authorization checks and retrieve sensitive data that should otherwise be protected. The attack requires no special privileges and leaves the integrity and availability of the application unchanged.

The Adobe security bulletin APSB25-71 at helpx.adobe.com/security/products/magento/apsb25-71.html addresses the issue and supplies patched releases for the impacted branches.

EPSS remains low and flat at 0.0105 with no observed increase after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.9-alpha1, 2.4.8-p1, 2.4.7-p6, 2.4.6-p11, 2.4.5-p13, 2.4.4-p14 and earlier are affected by an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability that could result in a security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized read…

more

access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction, and scope is unchanged.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions.
T1548.002 Bypass User Account Control Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system.
T1548.003 Sudo and Sudo Caching Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-49550Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2025-24421Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2024-45132Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2024-45125Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2025-54265Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2025-54263Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2026-21359Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2026-21286Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2025-24434Same product: Adobe Commerce
CVE-2024-45128Same product: Adobe Commerce

Affected Assets

adobe
commerce
2.4.4, 2.4.5, 2.4.6, 2.4.7, 2.4.8 · ≤ 2.4.4
adobe
commerce b2b
1.3.3, 1.3.4, 1.3.5, 1.4.2, 1.5.2 · ≤ 1.3.3
adobe
magento
2.4.5, 2.4.6, 2.4.7, 2.4.8, 2.4.9 · ≤ 2.4.5

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 5 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 directly requires correct enforcement of authorization decisions on every access request, structurally preventing incorrect checks.

AC-24 ensures access-control decisions are made and applied consistently, reducing the chance of an incorrect authorization result.

A reference monitor that is always invoked and tamper-proof forces every authorization decision through a verified, correct path.

Least-privilege assignments shrink the set of authorizations that must be checked correctly, limiting exposure to flawed checks.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 mostly match
prevents

Defining, enforcing, and reviewing access authorizations and least privilege directly prevents incorrect authorization checks.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Requiring consistency between access rights and classification plus formal approval steps ensures that the authorization logic correctly distinguishes between entities that should and should not be granted access.

prevents

Enforcing policy-driven approval and role-change reviews stops incorrect or stale authorization decisions from remaining in effect after job changes or terminations.

prevents

By tying access rights to identity, device, location and classification, the control reduces the likelihood that an authorization decision will be based on an incorrect or bypassed policy.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (2 rules)
  • V-248581 OL 8 must require users to provide a password for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863
  • V-252656 The OL 8 operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204430 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be configured so that users must re-authenticate for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-251712 The RHEL 8 operating system must not be configured to bypass password requirements for privilege escalation. prevents CWE-863

References