CVE-2025-54942

Critical

Published: 30 August 2025

Published

30 August 2025

Modified

30 January 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0021 43.5th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-54942 is a critical-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Sun.Net Ehrd Ctms. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 43.5th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

AC-14 Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication good match

prevent

AC-14 directly requires identification and restriction of actions permitted without authentication, preventing unauthorized remote access to critical deployment functionality.

IA-8 Identification and Authentication (Non-organizational Users) good match

prevent

IA-8 mandates identification and authentication for non-organizational users, blocking remote attackers from accessing the unauthenticated deployment functions.

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

prevent

AC-3 enforces approved access control policies requiring authentication for logical access to critical resources like deployment functionality.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Missing authentication for critical deployment functionality in a public-facing web application enables remote attackers to exploit the public-facing application for initial access.

NVD Description

A missing authentication for critical function vulnerability in SUNNET Corporate Training Management System before 10.11 allows remote attackers to access deployment functionality without prior authentication.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-54942 is a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability, classified under CWE-306, affecting the SUNNET Corporate Training Management System in versions prior to 10.11. This flaw allows remote attackers to access deployment functionality without requiring prior authentication. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low attack complexity, lack of prerequisites, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network without authentication, privileges, or user interaction. Successful exploitation grants unauthorized access to critical deployment functions, potentially enabling attackers to deploy malicious code, alter system configurations, exfiltrate sensitive data, or disrupt services entirely.

Mitigation details are available in the advisory published at https://zuso.ai/advisory/za-2025-10. Security practitioners should upgrade to SUNNET Corporate Training Management System version 10.11 or later, where the authentication issue has been addressed.