CVE-2025-54950

Critical

Published: 07 August 2025

Published

07 August 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0032 54.8th percentile

Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-54950 is a critical-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Facebook (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 45.2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.

Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match

prevent

Mandates timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws, directly addressing this out-of-bounds access vulnerability through patching to the fixed ExecuTorch commit.

SI-16 Memory Protection good match

prevent

Implements memory protections that prevent arbitrary code execution resulting from out-of-bounds access during ExecuTorch model loading.

SI-10 Information Input Validation partial match

prevent

Requires validation of input information, such as ExecuTorch models, to block specially crafted inputs that trigger out-of-bounds access.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated OOB read in model loader directly enables RCE via crafted input over network (T1190).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

An out-of-bounds access vulnerability in the loading of ExecuTorch models can cause the runtime to crash and potentially result in code execution or other undesirable effects. This issue affects ExecuTorch prior to commit b6b7a16df5e7852d976d8c34c8a7e9a1b6f7d005.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-54950 is an out-of-bounds access vulnerability (CWE-125) in the loading of ExecuTorch models, which can cause the runtime to crash and potentially result in code execution or other undesirable effects. This issue affects ExecuTorch prior to commit b6b7a16df5e7852d976d8c34c8a7e9a1b6f7d005. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), classifying it as critical due to its potential for high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Unauthenticated attackers with network access can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and without requiring user interaction. Exploitation involves providing a specially crafted ExecuTorch model, leading to out-of-bounds access during loading, which may crash the runtime or enable arbitrary code execution on the target system.

Mitigation is addressed by updating to ExecuTorch commit b6b7a16df5e7852d976d8c34c8a7e9a1b6f7d005 or later, as provided in the GitHub commit reference. Further details on the advisory are available at https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2025-54950.