Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-55591

CriticalPublic PoCRCE

Published: 18 August 2025

Published
18 August 2025
Modified
21 August 2025
KEV Added
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Patch
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CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0865 92.6th percentile
Risk Priority 25 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-55591 is a critical-severity Command Injection (CWE-77) vulnerability in Totolink A3002R Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Network Device CLI (T1059.008); ranked in the top 7.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

TOTOLINK A3002R firmware version 4.0.0-B20230531.1404 contains a command injection vulnerability (CWE-77) in the devicemac parameter of the formMapDel endpoint. The issue received a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible exploitation without authentication or user interaction.

An unauthenticated attacker can supply a crafted devicemac value to the affected endpoint and execute arbitrary operating-system commands on the device, resulting in full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

A publicly available proof-of-concept exploit has been posted to GitHub. The associated EPSS score has remained in a narrow band between 0.0865 and 0.0990 with no pronounced upward trajectory after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

TOTOLINK-A3002R v4.0.0-B20230531.1404 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the devicemac parameter in the formMapDel endpoint.

CWE(s)
CWE-77

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1059.008 Network Device CLI Execution
Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Command injection in web endpoint (formMapDel/devicemac) enables exploitation of public-facing application (T1190) and command execution on network device CLI (T1059.008).

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-25579Same product: Totolink A3002R
CVE-2025-25609Same product: Totolink A3002R
CVE-2025-25635Same product: Totolink A3002R
CVE-2025-25610Same product: Totolink A3002R
CVE-2024-57211Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-52046Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-61044Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2026-5030Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2026-5178Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2026-1150Same vendor: Totolink

Affected Assets

totolink
a3002r firmware
4.0.0-b20230531.1404

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly mitigates command injection by requiring validation of the devicemac parameter to reject malicious inputs before execution.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions partial match
prevent

Restricts the devicemac input to expected MAC address formats and lengths, blocking oversized or malformed payloads used in command injection.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Requires timely identification, reporting, and patching of the specific command injection flaw in the router firmware version.

References