Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-58709

High

Published: 18 December 2025

Published
18 December 2025
Modified
20 January 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
—
CVSS Score v3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0042 32.9th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-58709 is a high-severity PHP Remote File Inclusion (CWE-98) vulnerability in Axiomthemes Legacy. Its CVSS base score is 8.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 32.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2025-58709 is an Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program vulnerability, classified as PHP Remote File Inclusion but enabling PHP Local File Inclusion, affecting the Legacy WordPress theme developed by axiomthemes. The issue impacts all versions of the theme from n/a through 1.9 inclusive. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-98.

The vulnerability can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers over the network, though it requires high attack complexity and no user interaction. Successful exploitation allows attackers to achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially enabling local file inclusion to read sensitive files or execute arbitrary code depending on server configuration.

Mitigation details are available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/legacy/vulnerability/wordpress-legacy-theme-1-9-local-file-inclusion-vulnerability?_s_id=cve, which documents the vulnerability in the WordPress Legacy theme version 1.9.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in axiomthemes Legacy legacy allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Legacy: from n/a through <= 1.9.

CWE(s)
CWE-98

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

LFI vulnerability in public-facing WordPress theme enables unauthenticated remote exploitation (T1190) and local file reads for sensitive data collection (T1005).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-58940Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58936Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58225Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-60048Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58944Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58949Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58929Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53439Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-58934Same vendor: Axiomthemes
CVE-2025-53435Same vendor: Axiomthemes

Affected Assets

axiomthemes
legacy
≤ 1.9

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly requires validation of untrusted inputs used in PHP include/require statements to block arbitrary local file inclusion attacks.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Mandates identification, reporting, and timely remediation of software flaws like the improper filename control in the Legacy WordPress theme.

CM-6 Configuration Settings partial match
prevent

Enforces secure configuration settings for PHP environments, such as open_basedir restrictions, to limit paths accessible via file inclusion.

References