Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-59237

HighRCE

Published: 14 October 2025

Published
14 October 2025
Modified
28 October 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0443 89.1th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59237 is a high-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Microsoft Sharepoint Server. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 10.9% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Timely flaw remediation through vendor patches directly eliminates the deserialization vulnerability in Microsoft Office SharePoint.

prevent

Validating information inputs prior to deserialization prevents exploitation of untrusted data leading to remote code execution.

prevent

Memory protection safeguards such as DEP and ASLR mitigate the impact of remote code execution resulting from the deserialization flaw.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Deserialization vulnerability in Microsoft Office SharePoint enables remote code execution via exploitation of a public-facing web application, directly mapping to T1190.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-59237 is a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability (CWE-502) in Microsoft Office SharePoint. Published on 2025-10-14T17:16:05.610, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact.

An authorized attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction required (UI:N). Successful exploitation allows remote code execution, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) within the unchanged security scope (S:U).

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59237 provides guidance on mitigation and available patches.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
sharepoint server
2016, 2019 · ≤ 16.0.19127.20262

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References