Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-59246

Critical

Published: 09 October 2025

Published
09 October 2025
Modified
16 October 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0021 43.0th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59246 is a critical-severity Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306) vulnerability in Microsoft Entra Id. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 43.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-14 (Permitted Actions Without Identification or Authentication) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique. What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly addresses CWE-306 by identifying and restricting permitted actions without identification or authentication, preventing unauthenticated privilege elevation.

prevent

Requires identification and authentication for non-organizational users or processes, blocking unauthenticated attackers from exploiting the elevation vulnerability.

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations for access to system resources, preventing unauthorized privilege escalation in Azure Entra ID.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Unauthenticated network-accessible elevation of privilege in public-facing Azure Entra ID service directly enables T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) for initial access and T1068 (Exploitation for Privilege Escalation).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Azure Entra ID Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2025-59246 is an elevation of privilege vulnerability in Azure Entra ID. Published on 2025-10-09T21:15:38.267, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and is associated with CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function).

Unauthenticated attackers with network access can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation enables elevation of privileges, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Microsoft provides details on mitigation in its Security Response Center update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59246.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
entra id
all versions

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-24305Same product: Microsoft Entra Id
CVE-2026-35431Same product: Microsoft Entra Id
CVE-2025-55241Same product: Microsoft Entra Id
CVE-2026-26125Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-26159Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-21355Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-20803Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2026-26160Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-21198Same vendor: Microsoft
CVE-2025-53792Same vendor: Microsoft

References