Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-67188

Memory Safety in Totolink A950Rg Firmware 4.1.2cu.5204_b20210112

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
03 February 2026
Modified
10 February 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0063 47th percentile
Risk Priority 72 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-67188 is a critical-severity Classic Buffer Overflow (CWE-120) vulnerability in Totolink A950Rg Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 47th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

**CVE-2025-67188 Vulnerability Summary**

CVE-2025-67188 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the TOTOLINK A950RG router running firmware version V4.1.2cu.5204_B20210112. The flaw resides in the `setRadvdCfg` interface of the `/lib/cste_modules/ipv6.so` module, where insufficient validation of the user-supplied `radvdinterfacename` parameter length allows overflow of a fixed-size stack buffer (CWE-120). Published on 2026-02-03 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), it poses a critical risk due to its simplicity and impact.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this over the network by sending a crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint, triggering the overflow without user interaction. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution with root privileges on the device, potentially allowing full compromise, data exfiltration, persistent backdoor installation, or use as a pivot in larger network attacks.

The referenced GitHub advisory (https://github.com/SunnyYANGyaya/cuicuishark-sheep-fishIOT/blob/main/ToTolink/A950RG/5024-ipv6-setRadvdCfg-radvdinterfacename-buffer.md) provides proof-of-concept details, including vulnerable code snippets and exploit reproduction steps, but no vendor patches are mentioned. Security practitioners should immediately isolate affected devices, monitor for anomalous traffic to the web interface, and check for firmware updates from TOTOLINK; input sanitization or disabling the IPv6 module may serve as interim mitigations. No evidence of in-the-wild exploitation has been reported.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in TOTOLINK A950RG V4.1.2cu.5204_B20210112. The issue resides in the setRadvdCfg interface of the /lib/cste_modules/ipv6.so module. The function fails to properly validate the length of the user-controlled radvdinterfacename parameter, allowing remote attackers to trigger a stack…

more

buffer overflow.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-67189Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-67186Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-67187Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-60699Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-45797Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-28025Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-28028Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-45800Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-45798Same product: Totolink A950Rg
CVE-2025-60702Same product: Totolink A950Rg

Affected Assets

totolink
a950rg firmware
4.1.2cu.5204_b20210112

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.2.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and analysis can find missing size checks before deployment.

Input validation directly enforces size checks before buffer copies.

Engineering principles require bounds checking and safe buffer handling in design.

Memory protection limits the impact of an overflow once it occurs.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly enforce bounds checking and input validation that prevent classic buffer overflows.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes such as code review or scanning detect classic buffer overflows before exploitation.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching replaces vulnerable code containing unchecked buffer copies with corrected versions.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Secure coding directly requires bounds-checked memory operations, addressing the root cause of CWE-120.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect buffer overflows through fuzzing and static analysis, though it does not prevent them at the source.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates processes that can include input validation and bounds checking to prevent buffer overflows.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify input-size validation and safe buffer handling to mitigate classic buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure system architecture and engineering principles promote defensive coding patterns that reduce the likelihood of unchecked buffer copies.

References