CVE-2025-7423
Published: 11 July 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-7423 is a high-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Tenda O3 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 18.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-16 (Memory Protection).
Threat & Defense at a Glance
Threat & Defense Details
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI
Mandates validation of the macList argument in formWifiMacFilterSet to reject oversized or malformed inputs that trigger the stack-based buffer overflow.
Deploys stack canaries, address space layout randomization, and non-executable stack protections to block exploitation of the stack buffer overflow even if invalid input is processed.
Requires timely patching or firmware updates to remediate the specific buffer overflow vulnerability in the Tenda O3V2 httpd component.
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
Stack-based buffer overflow in the publicly accessible httpd web interface (/goform/setWrlFilterList) of the Tenda O3V2 router enables remote code execution, facilitating exploitation of public-facing applications for initial access.
NVD Description
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda O3V2 1.0.0.12(3880). Affected by this vulnerability is the function formWifiMacFilterSet of the file /goform/setWrlFilterList of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument macList leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack…
more
can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Deeper analysisAI
CVE-2025-7423 is a critical stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability (CVSS 8.8; CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), published on 2025-07-11, affecting Tenda O3V2 router firmware version 1.0.0.12(3880). The issue resides in the formWifiMacFilterSet function within the /goform/setWrlFilterList file of the httpd component, where manipulation of the macList argument triggers the overflow (CWE-119, CWE-121).
An attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low attack complexity and no user interaction. Exploitation enables high-impact consequences, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of system integrity, and denial of service through availability disruption.
Advisories referenced in VulDB entries (ctiid.315883, id.315883, submit.608869) document the issue, while a GitHub repository provides details and a proof-of-concept for the exploit. No vendor patches or specific mitigations are mentioned in the available information.
The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be used by attackers.
Details
- CWE(s)