Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-8176

Memory Safety in Libtiff ≤ 4.7.0

Public PoCMemory Safety
Published
26 July 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 1.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0024 15th percentile
Risk Priority 15 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-8176 is a low-severity Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer (CWE-119) vulnerability in Libtiff Libtiff. Its CVSS base score is 1.9 (Low).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 15th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability was found in LibTIFF up to 4.7.0. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function get_histogram of the file tools/tiffmedian.c. The manipulation leads to use after free. The attack needs to be approached locally. The…

more

exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as fe10872e53efba9cc36c66ac4ab3b41a839d5172. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local use-after-free vulnerability in LibTIFF's tiffmedian tool (tools/tiffmedian.c get_histogram) enables arbitrary code execution when processing malformed TIFF files, facilitating exploitation for privilege escalation.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-8851Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2025-61144Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2025-8961Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2023-0799Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2023-30775Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2025-8177Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2023-30774Same product: Libtiff Libtiff
CVE-2026-10232Shared CWE-119, CWE-416
CVE-2026-1979Shared CWE-119, CWE-416
CVE-2025-9385Shared CWE-119, CWE-416

Affected Assets

libtiff
libtiff
≤ 4.7.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
  • CM-7 Least Functionality
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V17.3.2
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires applying the published patch (fe10872e) that eliminates the use-after-free in get_histogram.

prevent

Running tiffmedian under least-privilege accounts or containers limits the impact of successful local UAF exploitation.

prevent

Disabling or removing the tiffmedian utility (or restricting its execution) eliminates the attack surface for this specific vulnerable code path.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices (bounds checking, safe APIs, reviews) directly prevent this class of flaw.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis directly surface buffer-boundary flaws.

ID.RA-08 partial match
prevents

Receiving and triaging vulnerability disclosures commonly includes buffer-related reports.

PR.AT-02 partial match
prevents

Developer training on secure coding reduces introduction of memory-buffer errors.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching replaces vulnerable code containing buffer-boundary defects.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development catches out-of-bounds accesses before release, covering most instances of the weakness.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates memory-safety practices that directly prevent buffer-boundary violations.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-safety rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safe design patterns that mitigate buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe buffer operations, directly eliminating CWE-119.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References