Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-20842

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2 ≤ 10.0.19044.6809

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
15 January 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0037 30th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20842 is a high-severity Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2. Its CVSS base score is 7.0 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 30th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Use after free in Windows DWM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Use-after-free in Windows DWM directly enables local privilege escalation via software vulnerability exploitation (T1068).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-32155Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-21242Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-20871Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-26132Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-20865Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2025-60707Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2025-60716Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2025-62221Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-20923Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-45640Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6809
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6809
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6491
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7623
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7623
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.4648
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.2092
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.32230

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly implements memory protections that block exploitation of use-after-free flaws such as CVE-2026-20842.

prevent

Enforces least privilege so that successful local escalation in DWM yields minimal additional rights.

prevent

Requires timely patching of the DWM use-after-free vulnerability before it can be exploited.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly incorporate memory-safety tooling and reviews that prevent most use-after-free defects.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect use-after-free bugs before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates memory-safety practices that reduce use-after-free defects.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-management rules that mitigate use-after-free.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety design choices that limit use-after-free exposure.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe avoidance of use-after-free patterns.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References