Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-20846

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2 ≤ 10.0.19044.6937

Published
10 February 2026
Modified
11 February 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.013 69th percentile
Risk Priority 60 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20846 is a high-severity Buffer Over-read (CWE-126) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique OS Credential Dumping (T1003); ranked in the top 31% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-20846 is a buffer over-read vulnerability (CWE-126) in the Windows GDI+ graphics component. Published on 2026-02-10, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), indicating high severity primarily due to its potential for availability disruption.

An unauthorized attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over a network with low attack complexity, requiring no user privileges or interaction. Successful exploitation results in a denial-of-service condition with high impact on availability, but no impact on confidentiality or integrity.

The Microsoft Security Response Center has published an update guide detailing mitigations for CVE-2026-20846 at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20846.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Buffer over-read in Windows GDI+ allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1003 OS Credential Dumping Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password.
T1005 Data from Local System Collection
Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-62473Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-60720Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-26155Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-26169Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-55325Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-49684Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-59192Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50504Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50475Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-50485Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8868 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8868
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8389 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8389
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19044.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19044.6937
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19045.6937 · ≤ 10.0.19045.6937
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6649 · ≤ 10.0.22631.6649
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7781 · ≤ 10.0.26100.7781
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7781 · ≤ 10.0.26200.7781
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8868
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.8389
+3 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation (static analysis, fuzzing, bounds checking tests) directly finds buffer over-read flaws.

Engineering principles such as memory-safe design and bounds-checked abstractions structurally stop introduction of out-of-bounds reads.

Process isolation limits the blast radius of an over-read to the compromised domain.

Input validation enforces length and index constraints that prevent many externally triggered over-reads.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices directly prevent introduction of buffer over-read weaknesses.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover buffer over-read flaws via scanning or review.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software removes known instances of buffer over-read bugs.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development can detect buffer over-reads before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and bounds checking that can prevent buffer over-reads.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify buffer-size and bounds-checking rules.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety and bounds-checking design choices.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly require bounds-checked buffer access, mitigating over-reads.

References