CVE-2025-21290
Published: 14 January 2025
Summary
CVE-2025-21290 is a high-severity Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Application or System Exploitation (T1499.004); ranked in the top 19.7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SC-6 (Resource Availability).
Deeper analysis
Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) contains a denial of service vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-21290. The issue is rated 7.5 under CVSS 3.1 with an attack vector of network, no authentication or user interaction required, and a high impact solely on availability; it is associated with CWE-400 for improper resource allocation.
A remote unauthenticated attacker can send crafted network traffic to trigger the flaw and disrupt MSMQ service availability, with no privileges or user interaction needed to achieve the effect.
The EPSS probability has shown a material rise from a low starting point to a recorded peak of 0.0332, with the current value at 0.0133, indicating increased exploitation interest after public disclosure. Details on patches and mitigation steps are provided in the Microsoft Security Response Center advisory.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2025-2355
Vulnerability details
Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) Denial of Service Vulnerability
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI
Why these techniques?
The vulnerability is a remote unauthenticated DoS in MSMQ via uncontrolled resource consumption (CWE-400), directly enabling Endpoint Denial of Service through application/system exploitation.
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Flaw remediation directly addresses the vulnerability by applying the Microsoft patch for CVE-2025-21290 in MSMQ, eliminating the uncontrolled resource consumption issue.
Denial-of-service protection implements mechanisms like rate limiting and traffic shaping to prevent unauthenticated remote attackers from exhausting MSMQ resources.
Resource availability allocates and monitors dedicated resources for MSMQ to detect and mitigate uncontrolled consumption leading to denial of service.