Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-20858

High

Published: 13 January 2026

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
15 January 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0003 7.1th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20858 is a high-severity Race Condition (CWE-362) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1809. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 7.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the use-after-free vulnerability in Windows Management Services by requiring timely application of vendor patches.

prevent

Implements memory safeguards such as DEP, ASLR, and control-flow integrity to protect against exploitation of use-after-free flaws leading to privilege escalation.

prevent

Enforces least privilege on processes like Windows Management Services to limit the impact and success of local privilege escalation attempts.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local use-after-free in Windows Management Services directly enables privilege escalation (T1068) with high impact under changed scope.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Use after free in Windows Management Services allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-20858 is a use-after-free vulnerability in Windows Management Services, published on 2026-01-13. It affects Windows operating systems and is linked to CWE-416 (use after free) and CWE-362 (race condition). The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (High), with vector AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H, indicating local attack vector, high attack complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction, changed scope, and high impacts across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

A local attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability due to the use-after-free flaw in Windows Management Services. Exploitation requires high complexity (AC:H) but no user interaction (UI:N). Successful exploitation enables privilege escalation, allowing the attacker to gain elevated access on the system with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts under a changed scope (S:C).

Microsoft's Security Response Center provides details on the vulnerability, including patches and mitigation guidance, in their update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20858.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8276 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8276
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6809
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6809
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6491
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7623
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7623
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.8276
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.4648
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.2092
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.32230

CVEs Like This One

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CVE-2026-32159Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1809

References