Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-20860

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 r2

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
30 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.083 94th percentile
Risk Priority 65 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20860 is a high-severity Type Confusion (CWE-843) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-20860 is a type confusion vulnerability, classified under CWE-843 (Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type), affecting the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock. Published on 2026-01-13, it enables an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally by accessing a resource with an incompatible type. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact.

A local attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows privilege escalation, granting high levels of access to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.

Microsoft's Security Response Center (MSRC) provides guidance on mitigation and patching in its update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20860.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-26162Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-34344Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-21519Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-54104Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-54915Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-53143Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-54109Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-48815Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-54094Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-53808Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8783 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8783
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8276 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8276
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6809
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6809
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6491
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7623
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7623
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8783
+4 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.5.2
  • V3.2.3
  • V15.3.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation (including fuzzing and type-aware analysis) directly finds type-confusion flaws before deployment.

Engineering principles can require use of type-safe languages, static typing, and runtime type checks that structurally avoid allocating one type and accessing another.

Memory-protection controls limit the blast radius when a type-confusion access occurs but do not stop the flaw itself.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent type-confusion flaws via safe typing, static analysis, and code review while the control itself addresses many additional weaknesses.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development can detect type-confusion vulnerabilities through fuzzing and static analysis.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates type-safe design and review that can catch type-confusion flaws.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify strong typing and interface contracts that reduce type confusion.

prevents

Secure architecture principles promote type-safe languages and memory-safety mechanisms that mitigate type confusion.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly forbid unsafe type casts and require static-analysis checks for type confusion.

References