Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-20868

High

Published: 13 January 2026

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
10 February 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0021 43.2th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20868 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 43.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the heap-based buffer overflow in RRAS by identifying, prioritizing, and applying vendor patches as specified in Microsoft's update guide.

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms like ASLR and DEP that hinder exploitation of heap buffer overflows for arbitrary code execution.

prevent

Requires validation of network inputs to RRAS to detect and reject malformed data that could trigger the buffer overflow.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows RRAS enables remote code execution by unauthorized network attackers, directly facilitating T1190: Exploit Public-Facing Application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-20868 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability, classified under CWE-122, affecting the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). Published on 2026-01-13T18:16:16.303, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and enables an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

The vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthorized attacker with network access, requiring low attack complexity and no privileges, though user interaction is necessary. Successful exploitation grants high-impact arbitrary code execution, compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Microsoft's Security Response Center update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20868 details patching instructions. Vicarius provides a detection script at https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2026-20868-detection-script-heap-based-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-affecting-windows-rras and a mitigation script at https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2026-20868-mitigation-script-heap-based-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-affecting-windows-rras.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8783 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8783
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8276 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8276
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6809
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6809
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6491
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.7623
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.7623
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8783
+4 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

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References