Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-20940

High

Published: 13 January 2026

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
16 January 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0003 10.2th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-20940 is a high-severity Untrusted Pointer Dereference (CWE-822) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 10.2th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly addresses the vulnerability by requiring timely remediation through vendor patches for the heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver.

prevent

Implements memory protection mechanisms such as ASLR and DEP to prevent successful exploitation of heap buffer overflows by unauthorized code execution.

prevent

Enforces least privilege on local low-privileged accounts, limiting the potential impact and attack surface for privilege escalation attempts via the driver vulnerability.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local heap buffer overflow in kernel driver directly enables local privilege escalation via exploitation of vulnerable system component.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-20940 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver, published on 2026-01-13T18:16:21.313. The issue, associated with CWE-822, carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact on affected systems.

A local attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability through local access (AV:L) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). Successful exploitation enables privilege escalation, granting the attacker high-level confidentiality (C:H), integrity (I:H), and availability (A:H) impacts without changing scope (S:U).

The Microsoft Security Response Center advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20940 details mitigation strategies and available patches for this vulnerability.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.8783 · ≤ 10.0.14393.8783
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.8276 · ≤ 10.0.17763.8276
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.6809 · ≤ 10.0.19044.6809 · ≤ 10.0.19044.6809
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.6809 · ≤ 10.0.19045.6809 · ≤ 10.0.19045.6809
microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6491 · ≤ 10.0.22631.6491
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.8783
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.8276
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.4648

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References