CVE-2026-22235

High

Published: 08 January 2026

Published

08 January 2026

Modified

18 February 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

EPSS Score 0.0002 5.1th percentile

Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-22235 is a high-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Opexustech Ecase Ecomplaint. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 5.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.

Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

AC-24 Access Control Decisions

addresses: CWE-639

Per-request decision making makes it harder to bypass authorization using user-controlled keys without proper validation in the decision process.

AC-3 Access Enforcement

addresses: CWE-639

Consistent enforcement of approved authorizations makes bypassing via user-controlled keys ineffective.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

attack.mitre.org →

T1005 Data from Local System Collection

Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to find files of interest and sensitive data prior to Exfiltration.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

The IDOR vulnerability in a public-facing web application directly enables remote unauthenticated file access (T1190) and facilitates retrieval of sensitive data from the local system (T1005).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

OPEXUS eComplaint before version 9.0.45.0 allows an attacker to visit the the 'DocumentOpen.aspx' endpoint, iterate through predictable values of 'chargeNumber', and download any uploaded files.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-22235 is a vulnerability in OPEXUS eComplaint versions prior to 9.0.45.0 that enables unauthorized access to uploaded files. An attacker can visit the 'DocumentOpen.aspx' endpoint and iterate through predictable values of the 'chargeNumber' parameter to download any files uploaded to the system. This issue stems from CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), indicating high confidentiality impact.

The vulnerability can be exploited by any unauthenticated remote attacker (PR:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N) required over the network (AV:N). Successful exploitation allows the attacker to achieve high-impact unauthorized access to sensitive uploaded files, potentially exposing confidential data without affecting integrity or availability.

Advisories recommend upgrading to OPEXUS eComplaint version 9.0.45.0 or later to mitigate the vulnerability. Further details are provided in the CISA CSAF advisory at https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/IT/white/2025/va-26-008-02.json and the official CVE record at https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-22235.